📅 Date of Birth Check

The Date of Birth (DOB) Check report validates a provided date of birth against the date of birth retrieved from official government databases for a given document ID. This report is essential for identity verification and age validation.

Overview

DOB Check performs precise date matching between user-provided birth dates and official registry data. It supports various date formats and provides detailed validation results for compliance and verification purposes.

Input Requirements

Required Fields

Field	Type	Description	Example
document_id	string	National ID (CURP for Mexico, CPF for Brazil, etc.)	ABCD123456EFGHIJ78
date_of_birth	string	Date of birth to validate (YYYY-MM-DD)	1990-01-15

Optional Fields

Field	Type	Description	Default
report_settings	object	Configuration options for date validation	{}

Data Sources by Country

Country	Source	Registry	Date Format	Coverage
Mexico	RENAPO	Registro Nacional de Población	DD-MM-YYYY	All citizens and residents
Brazil	SRF	Secretaria da Receita Federal	DD/MM/YYYY	All CPF holders
Chile	SII	Servicio de Impuestos Internos	DD-MM-YYYY	All RUN holders
Colombia	RNEC	Registro Nacional del Estado Civil	DD/MM/YYYY	All citizens
Costa Rica	TSE	Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones	DD/MM/YYYY	All citizens

Output Schema

Successful Match

{
  "dob_check": {
    "state": "COMPLETED",
    "created_at": "2021-03-30T03:18:33.021945",
    "updated_at": "2021-03-30T03:18:58.365633",
    "outcome": "PASSED",
    "details": {
      "provided_dob": "1990-01-15",
      "registry_dob": "15-01-1990",
      "normalized_provided": "1990-01-15",
      "normalized_registry": "1990-01-15",
      "match": true,
      "age_calculated": 34,
      "validation_method": "exact_match"
    }
  }
}

Date Mismatch

{
  "dob_check": {
    "state": "COMPLETED",
    "created_at": "2021-03-30T03:18:33.021945",
    "updated_at": "2021-03-30T03:18:58.365633",
    "outcome": "FAILED",
    "details": {
      "provided_dob": "1990-01-15",
      "registry_dob": "15-02-1990",
      "normalized_provided": "1990-01-15",
      "normalized_registry": "1990-02-15",
      "match": false,
      "discrepancy": {
        "type": "day_month_mismatch",
        "provided_components": {
          "year": 1990,
          "month": 1,
          "day": 15
        },
        "registry_components": {
          "year": 1990,
          "month": 2,
          "day": 15
        }
      },
      "validation_method": "exact_match"
    }
  }
}

Registry Error

{
  "dob_check": {
    "state": "COMPLETED",
    "created_at": "2021-03-30T03:18:33.021945",
    "updated_at": "2021-03-30T03:18:58.365633",
    "outcome": "FAILED",
    "details": {
      "provided_dob": "1990-01-15",
      "registry_dob": null,
      "error": "NO_DOB_IN_REGISTRY",
      "message": "Date of birth not found in registry for provided document ID"
    }
  }
}

Configuration Options

Basic Configuration

{
  "report_settings": {
    "dob_check": {
      "strict_validation": true,
      "allow_future_dates": false
    }
  }
}

Advanced Configuration

{
  "report_settings": {
    "dob_check": {
      "strict_validation": false,
      "allow_future_dates": false,
      "tolerance_days": 0,
      "validate_age_range": {
        "min_age": 18,
        "max_age": 100
      }
    }
  }
}

Configuration Parameters

Parameter	Type	Description	Default	Range
strict_validation	boolean	Require exact date match	true	true/false
allow_future_dates	boolean	Allow dates in the future	false	true/false
tolerance_days	integer	Days tolerance for near matches	0	0-365
validate_age_range	object	Age validation constraints	null	See below

Age Range Validation

{
  "validate_age_range": {
    "min_age": 18,
    "max_age": 100,
    "reference_date": "2024-01-01"  // Optional, defaults to current date
  }
}

Validation Logic

Date Normalization

All dates are normalized to ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DD) for comparison:

function normalizeDateFormat(dateString, sourceFormat) {
  // Convert various formats to YYYY-MM-DD
  const formats = {
    'DD-MM-YYYY': /^(\d{2})-(\d{2})-(\d{4})$/,
    'DD/MM/YYYY': /^(\d{2})\/(\d{2})\/(\d{4})$/,
    'MM/DD/YYYY': /^(\d{2})\/(\d{2})\/(\d{4})$/,
    'YYYY-MM-DD': /^(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})$/
  };

  // Apply appropriate transformation based on detected format
  return normalizedDate;
}

Validation Steps

1. Format Detection: Identify input and registry date formats
2. Normalization: Convert both dates to standard format
3. Validation: Check for valid calendar dates
4. Comparison: Perform exact or tolerance-based matching
5. Age Calculation: Calculate current age if validation passes

Tolerance Matching

When tolerance_days > 0, dates within the specified range are considered matches:

function isWithinTolerance(date1, date2, toleranceDays) {
  const diffMs = Math.abs(date1.getTime() - date2.getTime());
  const diffDays = Math.ceil(diffMs / (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24));
  return diffDays <= toleranceDays;
}

Business Logic and Usage

When to Use DOB Check

• Age Verification: Confirm minimum age requirements
• Identity Verification: Validate provided personal information
• Compliance: Meet age-related regulatory requirements
• Fraud Prevention: Detect inconsistent personal data

Configuration Strategies

Strict Verification (Financial Services)

{
  "strict_validation": true,
  "allow_future_dates": false,
  "tolerance_days": 0,
  "validate_age_range": {
    "min_age": 18,
    "max_age": 100
  }
}

Use Case: Banking, insurance, high-security applications Rationale: Zero tolerance for date discrepancies

Flexible Verification (General Employment)

{
  "strict_validation": false,
  "tolerance_days": 1,
  "validate_age_range": {
    "min_age": 16,
    "max_age": 80
  }
}

Use Case: Employment screening, general verification Rationale: Account for minor data entry errors

Lenient Verification (Customer Onboarding)

{
  "strict_validation": false,
  "tolerance_days": 3,
  "allow_future_dates": false
}

Use Case: E-commerce, low-risk applications Rationale: Maximize conversion while maintaining basic validation

Error Handling

Common Issues

Error Type	Description	Resolution
INVALID_DATE_FORMAT	Date format not recognized	Use YYYY-MM-DD format
FUTURE_DATE_PROVIDED	Date is in the future	Verify date accuracy
NO_DOB_IN_REGISTRY	No birth date found for document ID	Verify document ID validity
AGE_OUT_OF_RANGE	Calculated age outside valid range	Check age constraints
INVALID_CALENDAR_DATE	Date doesn’t exist (e.g., Feb 30)	Verify date components

Best Practices

• Input Validation: Validate date format before API submission
• Error Handling: Implement proper error handling for all failure types
• Age Logic: Consider business rules for age calculations
• Timezone Awareness: Account for timezone differences in age calculations

Country-Specific Considerations

Mexico (RENAPO)

• Registry Format: DD-MM-YYYY
• Challenges: Some older records may have incomplete dates
• Recommendation: Use strict validation for recent registrations

Brazil (Receita Federal)

• Registry Format: DD/MM/YYYY

Chile (SII)

• Registry Format: DD-MM-YYYY
• Challenges: Consistent format across all records
• Recommendation: Strict validation recommended

Colombia (RNEC)

• Registry Format: DD/MM/YYYY
• Challenges: Regional data quality differences
• Recommendation: Moderate tolerance settings

Costa Rica (TSE)

• Registry Format: DD/MM/YYYY
• Challenges: High data quality standards
• Recommendation: Strict validation appropriate

API Integration

Create Person with DOB Check

curl -X POST "https://api.emptor.io/v3/mx/persons" \
  -H "X-Api-Key: YOUR_API_KEY" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{
    "document_id": "ABCD123456EFGHIJ78",
    "date_of_birth": "1990-01-15",
    "city_locode": "MX MEX",
    "pipeline": {
      "name": "basic_id_check"
    },
    "report_settings": {
      "dob_check": {
        "strict_validation": true,
        "validate_age_range": {
          "min_age": 18,
          "max_age": 65
        }
      }
    }
  }'

Get DOB Check Details

curl -X GET "https://api.emptor.io/v3/mx/details/{person_id}/dob_check" \
  -H "X-Api-Key: YOUR_API_KEY"

Age Calculation Examples

Current Age Calculation

function calculateAge(birthDate, referenceDate = new Date()) {
  const birth = new Date(birthDate);
  const reference = new Date(referenceDate);

  let age = reference.getFullYear() - birth.getFullYear();
  const monthDiff = reference.getMonth() - birth.getMonth();

  if (monthDiff < 0 || (monthDiff === 0 && reference.getDate() < birth.getDate())) {
    age--;
  }

  return age;
}

Age at Specific Date

// Calculate age at employment start date
const employmentDate = "2024-06-01";
const age = calculateAge("1990-01-15", employmentDate);
// Returns: 34

Related API Endpoints

• Create Person - Initiate DOB verification
• Get Reports - Retrieve DOB check results
• Get Report Details - Detailed DOB check data
• Update Reports - Refresh DOB verification

Related Documentation

• CURP Validation - Mexico ID validation
• Name Check - Name validation
• Pipeline Selection Guide - Choosing verification strategies
• Legal Glossary - Legal terminology

Age Validation Strategy

Consider your business requirements when setting age ranges. Different industries have different minimum age requirements (16 for some employment, 18 for financial services, 21 for certain regulated industries).

Data Quality Considerations

Registry data quality varies by country and time period. Older records may have less reliable date information. Consider this when setting tolerance levels.